The Atlantic Forest is found on Brazil's eastern seaboard. It is estimated that originally it made up some 14% of the land area of Brazil. Sadly, in 2008 it makes up only 1.4%. In fact, according to the Nature Conservancy, the Atlantic Forest is considered to be the world's most endangered tropical forest.
Most of the deforestation has taken place in only the last 100 years. The trees have been cut down for timber, and to clear the land for farming. Only 7% of the forest is still well preserved, and even that small percentage is highly fragmented.
Unfortunately for the Atlantic Forest, Brazil's eastern seaboard is also the main site for both population and industry. The huge cities of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo are both located here. And this area accounts for approximately 70% of Brazil's population and around 80% of Brazil's gross domestic product.
So why do we need to support efforts to preserve the Atlantic Forest?
The Atlantic Forest is a biodiversity hotspot. It is incredibly rich in flora and fauna. 40% of plants, 27% of mammals, 38% of freshwater fish and an amazing 61% of all amphibians found there are not found anywhere else. Just think of what we will lose if we lose this incredible habitat. Just imagine what we have lost already.
60% of all Brazil's threatened species live in the Atlantic Forest. Populations have been separated as the forest is fragmented. By supporting reforestation projects, we are supporting the re-creation of habitat for threatened species and ensuring their continued survival.
Fresh clean water is becoming an increasingly rare and precious resource the world over. In Brazil, the conversion of the Atlantic Forest into pasture around the city of Sao Paulo has affected both the quantity and quality of water supplying the city. In fact, the destruction of the Atlantic Forest negatively affects the water supply to about 70% of the country's population.
What practical steps can we take to preserve the Atlantic Forest?
Support grass roots efforts to restore the Atlantic Forest. Groups such as SALVEASERRA and their Trees and Education project are a great place to start. Or you can join in the Nature Conservancy's Plant a Billion Trees campaign. Donate if you can, but simply raising awareness and spreading the word can make a huge difference.
Illegal logging is still a huge contributor to the deforestation of this area. When buying timber or timber products, do your homework first. Find out where it comes from and how it is grown. If you can't be sure that it doesn't come from the Rainforest, don't buy it.
The Atlantic Forest has been cleared to grow beef and soya beans. Know where your food comes from and how it is grown. The easiest way to make sure you are not harming the rainforest is to eat locally grown food that you know is grown in a sustainable, earth friendly way.
Despite the massive destruction of the Atlantic Forest to date, it can be saved. We all need to do our part. Spread the word!
